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The Heading

The words of Ecclesiastes,[a] David’s son, king in Jerusalem.

The Problem

“Nothing but vapor,”[b] Ecclesiastes said. “Totally vapor. Everything is just vapor that vanishes.”

What does anyone gain by all his hard work, at which he works hard under the sun?

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Footnotes

  1. Ecclesiastes 1:1 See the introduction on the origin and meaning of the name Ecclesiastes.
  2. Ecclesiastes 1:2 Other possible translations are mist, breath, futility, or emptiness. Since vapor does not last, it serves as an appropriate symbol for everything that is transient, futile, or useless.